Asphalt Plant is the professional equipment used to produce asphalt concrete. It is also called an asphalt concrete mixing plant. It is used for people or firms undertaking large construction projects. It is used in several constructions like airport buildings, roads, ports, etc.
Types of Asphalt Plants:
- Small, medium, and large Asphalt plant
- Stationary Asphalt Plant
- Mobile Asphalt plant
- Asphalt Drum Mix Plant
- Portable Asphalt Plant
- Small, medium, and Large Asphalt Plant(diversos tipos de planta asfalto):
Based on the volume of productivity, asphalt plants are categorized into small. medium, and large asphalt plants. The small plant has the productivity of less than 40 Ton per hour, the medium plant has more than 40 and less than 400 Ton per hour and the large plant has more than 400 Ton productivity per hour. Based on the requirements, size of business and investment, customers can choose the size of the plant. - Stationary Asphalt Plant
Stationary Asphalt Plants have a fixed working site and are, therefore, they are suitable for large projects such as urban road constructions(maquina para asfalto). They are also called processing plants of asphalt concrete. - Mobile Asphalt Plant
Depending on the construction site, the mobile asphalt plants can be moved from one place to another easily. Independence tires of the mixing drum and silos make it possible for transportation. These plants are widely used in constructions of country roads and low-grade roads, where the plant has to be transferred to the site of construction. - Asphalt Drum Mix
There are two types of asphalt drum mixing plants. They are a continuous drum mixing plant and intermittent forces mixing plant. The continuous drum mixing plant continuously mixes the asphalt. The heating process of the aggregates and material mixing happens simultaneously in this plant.
In the intermittent forces mixing plant, the materials are heated first and then they are mixed. this process takes place in batches. - Portable Asphalt Plant
These plants are used in small construction sites. They are quick to assemble, easy to move, have flexible movement, simple working process, and efficient electric control.
Main Components of an asphalt plant
- Cold aggregate bins
- Drying Drum
- Dust Remover
- Hot Aggregate Bucket Elevator
- Vibrating Screen
- Hot Aggregate Bins
- Twin Shaft Asphalt Mixer
- Control Panel
General functioning of an asphalt plant
Step 1: The cold raw material is to be fed in the bins of the cold aggregate feeder. The feeding is done depending on the size of raw materials. The cold feeder gates of the bins regulate the flow of the aggregates.
Step 2: A charging conveyor belt transfers these aggregates into the drying drum. The burner attached to the drum heats and dries the aggregates.
Step 3: The dust remover of the plant filters the dust particles from the dried aggregates.
Step 4: This hot and dried aggregate is collected by the hot aggregate bucket elevator and transferred to the tower unit.
Step 5: The vibrating screen is multilayered and screens the hot aggregates. The aggregates are then separated depending on their size and stored.
Step 6: The hot aggregate bins help to store the aggregates separately depending on their size before they are sent into the mixing unit.
Step 7: The hot aggregates are then mixed with bitumen and filler. Bitumen tanks are used to heat and store the bitumen. It is then pumped using a pumping station to the weighing hopper before discharging it into mixing unit. The filler is added to a separate container and then pumped to the hopper for weighing and then transferred to the mixing unit.
Step 8: After mixing in the twin shaft asphalt mixer, the hot asphalt is ready to use and is discharged into the trucks.
Step 9: The control panel controls the entire mixing process of the plant.
Significance of Asphalt Plants:
- They are easy to operate.
- They are cost-efficient.
- The wide range of models makes the construction work easy, as some of the models are portable and transferrable.
- The drying drums are thermally insulated.
- They require minimum labor.
- They make good market profits with a reasonable investment.
When buying an asphalt plant, customers need to consider the size of the plant, functionality, labor required, maintenance cost, ease of operation, mobility and the cost. Keeping these factors in mind, the customer can make a really good profit while delivering quality products.
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