Road rollers are compaction equipment that uses the weight of the vehicle to compress the surface that is being rolled. A smooth wheel roller（Гладковальцовый каток） comes under the category of heavy compaction equipment that has one heavy steel drum fixed on the front axle with one or two wheels at the rear side. The roller with a single rear wheel is called a tandem roller, while the one with two rear wheels is called a three-wheeled roller.
In most rollers of this type of rear wheel tandem rollers will have wheels that are six feet in diameter and two feet wide, while the single front wheel will be smaller than the rear wheels. Rear side wheels may be hollow and can be filled with water that can increase the weight of the roller by a third. The gap between the front and rear wheels tends to cause uneven compaction of the compacted surfaces.
Smooth wheel rollers are used for compaction of gravels, sands and such materials that need to be crushed. It is not suitable for the soil where there is high moisture content. The depth of the layer that can be compacted with these rollers depends on the type of material being rolled and the weight of the roller. A tandem roller weighs between 2 and 8 tonnes, while a three wheel roller will weigh between 8 and 10 tonnes. The performance of the roller will depend on the weight that it imposes on its load per centimeter of width that in turn depends on the overall weight of the drum. This performance can be enhanced by increasing the weight of the drum by adding ballast inside its hollow portion or even adding wet sand or water. More details can be found here. aidogroup
The compaction effectiveness of smooth wheeled rollers can be increased by installing them with vibratory equipment. These compaction rollers use the vibrations to rearrange the particles in the material being compacted, so that the voids in them are decreased, leading to a greater density of the compacted material.The type of material that needs compacting will determine how many passes the roller has to make and the speeds at which this compaction is carried out. Smooth wheel rollers cover the full area that comes under the wheelbase and can exert contact pressures of 380 kpa. These rollers can be used on all soils except on rocky soil. The static weight of the roller determines its efforts at compaction. It is commonly used for the proof rolling of subgrades and to compact asphalt pavement. These rollers have a speed of between 3 and 6 kph. A standard that is observed for compacting layers of 20 cm depth is to have the rollers make eight passes at the slowest possible speed.
Smooth wheeled rollers are used in construction and in all roadwork job sites. They create a smooth, flat and hard ground surface. A smooth wheeled roller is very useful to compact relatively dry soil that is not clayey, gravel, and asphalt and is useful for creating proper foundations for driveways and sidewalks.